ruò /
conjunction HSK 6 #1,703

Meanings

  1. 1 if; as if; like
  2. 2 supposing; in case
  3. 3 to seem

Examples

HSK 3
Ruò yǒu wèntí, qǐng suíshí liánxì wǒ.
If you have any questions, please contact me anytime.
HSK 5
Ruò búshì nǐ bāngmáng, wǒ zǎojiù fàngqì le.
If it weren't for your help, I would have given up long ago.
HSK 5
Tā ruòwúqíshì de zǒu le jìnlái.
He walked in as if nothing had happened.

Tips

register
As ruò, is the literary/formal equivalent of 如果. Common in written Chinese, news, and set phrases. The ...... pattern is a formal 'if...then...' structure.
usage
Productive in idioms meaning 'as if / like': 若无其事 (as if nothing happened), 若即若离 (neither close nor distant), 若隐若现 (now visible, now hidden), 大智若愚 (great wisdom looks like foolishness).
mistakes
has a rare second reading rě, used only in Buddhist transliterations from Sanskrit: 般若 (prajñā, transcendent wisdom) and 兰若 (forest hermitage / Buddhist temple). Outside these religious terms, always read ruò.

Components

radical
cǎo
grass (radical form)
Grass-top radical, the left-side form of . Originally depicted a person combing or arranging loose hair, with the grass-on-top representing the strands; the sense drifted from 'to arrange / make orderly' to 'to be like / as if', and finally the modern conjunction 'if'. Filed under Kangxi #140 grass.
phonetic
yòu
right (side)
Bottom - historically (hand) over (mouth). Originally a faint phonetic indicator (the ruò/yòu syllable family has drifted apart); pedagogically the hand-and-mouth shape still echoes the old hair-combing imagery.

Stroke Order

ruò