Luoyang served as capital for 13 dynasties over 1,500+ years — including the Eastern Han, Wei, Jin, and Tang — making it one of China's Four Great Ancient Capitals (四大古都). The 龙门石窟 (Longmen Grottoes) UNESCO site is nearby.
culture
Luoyang is synonymous with peonies (牡丹). The annual 洛阳牡丹花会 (Luoyang Peony Festival) in April draws millions. The Tang-era proverb 唯有牡丹真国色，花开时节动京城 cemented the city's peony association.
