From
李宝嘉's late-Qing satire 《
官场现形记》 (Guānchǎng Xiànxíng Jì, 'Exposé of Officialdom'), Chapter 2. Imperial-era officials traveled with attendants who banged gongs (
锣) and shouted (
喝) to clear commoners off the road — the higher the rank, the longer the gong sequence. Lu Xun reused the phrase mockingly in his 1935 essay 《
隐士》.