chán / càn
adjective #52,298

Meanings

  1. 1 weak; feeble; frail
  2. 2 timid; cowardly

Examples

Tā chánruò duōbìng de shēntǐ shòu bu liǎo zhòng huó.
His frail, sickly body could not bear hard labor.
Tāmen de fángxiàn chánruò, méiyǒu yí zuò jiāngù de bǎolěi.
Their defenses were weak, with not a single strong fort.

Tips

usage
In this reading is a bound literary morpheme, mostly in 孱弱 ('frail, feeble') — of a body, a state, or a defense. A separate reading appears in the dialect word 孱头.

Components

radical
shī
body; shelter
The outer (a leaning-body / shelter shape) wraps the character; it suggests a cramped, narrow space, the original 'cramped → frail' sense.
semantic
zhuǎn
three children; weak
Inside sit three stacked ('child') as the element ; small children crowded in a tight shelter convey weakness and frailty.

Stroke Order

chán