Yǔyánxué yánjiū yǔyán de jiégòu, lìshǐ hé shèhuì gōngnéng.
Linguistics studies the structure, history, and social functions of language.
Tips
memory
语 (language) + 言 (speech/word) + 学 (-ology/study). The double language component — 语 and 言 — makes this word feel very fitting: it's the study of language itself.