Mosquitoes are the main vector that spreads malaria.
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mistakes
The standard reading is nüè, as in 疟疾 ('malaria'). In colloquial northern speech the same character is read yào in 疟子 ('a bout of malaria; the shakes').
The inner part is a contracted form of 虐 (full standalone shape has more strokes). It supplies the sound and a fitting flavor, since malaria's violent recurring fevers were felt as a cruel torment.
