怎

zěn
pronoun #1,953

Meanings

  1. 1 how
  2. 2 why

Examples

HSK 1
Nǐ zěnme le?
What's wrong with you?
HSK 1
Zhège zì zěnme xiě?
How do you write this character?
HSK 3
Zěnmebàn?
What should we do?

Tips

usage
怎 is almost always used with 么: 怎么 (how / why), 怎么样 (how about it), 怎么办 (what to do). 怎么了 ('what happened?') is one of the most useful daily phrases.

Components

radical
心 xīn
heart; mind
Heart radical at the bottom - questions of how, why, and in-what-manner are mental states in classical Chinese psychology. The same radical anchors 怎 with 想 (to think), 念 (to miss), 思 (to ponder), and 感 (to feel) - the mental-and-emotional verb family.
phonetic
乍 zhà
suddenly; just now
Top supplies the sound: 乍 drifted to zěn through Middle Chinese sound change, with light tone and vowel shift. 乍 originally pictured someone abruptly stopping, which fits the interrogative - 'how come, suddenly why?'. The same phonetic also appears in 作 (to do) and 昨 (yesterday).

Stroke Order

怎 zěn