先天不足

xiāntiān-bùzú
idiom #55,741

Meanings

  1. 1 congenitally deficient
  2. 2 having an inherent weakness from birth
  3. 3 fundamentally flawed from the start

Examples

HSK 7-9
Zhège háizi xiāntiān-bùzú, tǐzhì bǐjiào ruò.
This child was born with a weak constitution.
HSK 7-9
Zhège xiàngmù xiāntiān-bùzú, hòuqī zài zěnme nǔlì yě nán chénggōng.
This project was flawed from the outset - no matter how hard we work later, it'll be hard to succeed.

Tips

history
From Li Ruzhen's 《镜花缘》 (Flowers in the Mirror, Qing dynasty), chapter 26: 「老人之子,先天不足」 - 'children of the elderly suffer congenital deficiency.' 先天 ('before heaven/before birth') contrasts with 后天 ('after birth, acquired').
usage
Works both for people (health, constitution) and for projects, plans, or companies with structural flaws - a common business-writing phrase.

Stroke Order

xiān
tiān