骨牌 (gǔpái, 'bone tiles') is the traditional Chinese name for dominoes — originally carved from bone or ivory. The metaphor was borrowed straight from English: one tile falls, the next falls, and so on.
多米诺效应 (duōmǐnuò xiàoyìng) is a transliterated synonym;
骨牌效应 is the more native-sounding option.
