Rìběn nǎoyán shì yī zhǒng yóu wénzi chuánbō de jíbìng.
Japanese encephalitis is a disease spread by mosquitoes.
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脑 means 'brain' and 炎 means 'inflammation' (literally 'fire upon fire' — two flames stacked). The same suffix 炎 appears in 肺炎 (pneumonia), 肝炎 (hepatitis), and 胃炎 (gastritis).