孙膑

A descendant of Sun Tzu 孙武 (Sūn Wǔ). Betrayed by his fellow student Pang Juan 庞涓 (Páng Juān), who had Sun Bin's kneecaps removed (the 膑 punishment, which became his name) to keep him crippled. Sun Bin escaped to Qi, became its military advisor, and destroyed Pang Juan at the Battle of Maling 马陵 (341 BCE) using the famous tactic 围魏救赵 wéi Wèi jiù Zhào — 'besiege Wei to rescue Zhao.' Bamboo strips of his Bingfa were rediscovered at Yinqueshan 银雀山 in 1972.

膑 (bìn) is the kneecap. His birth name was different — '膑' became attached because of the punishment that crippled him. The man literally became known as 'Sun Kneecap.'