Gōngzuò wǔ nián hòu, tā bèi tíshēng wéi fùjiàoshòu.
After five years he was promoted to associate professor.
Tips
usage
The Chinese academic ladder runs 助教 teaching assistant, 讲师 lecturer, 副教授, 教授 professor. In address, an associate professor is usually called 教授 after the surname, like a full professor.