From
屈原《
九歌·
国殇》(Qu Yuan, 'Nine Songs — For Those Fallen for the Kingdom,' Warring States, 4th–3rd c. BCE), the shaman-hymn mourning Chu soldiers killed in battle:
诚既勇兮又以武,
终刚强兮不可凌。
身既死兮神以灵,
子魂魄兮为鬼雄 (Truly brave and martial, firm to the end, beyond humiliation. The body dead, the spirit lives on — your soul, resolute, becomes a hero among ghosts). The line
生当作人杰,
死亦为鬼雄 by
李清照 (Li Qingzhao) is its famous Song-dynasty echo.