Enthroned at age 2 in 1908, abdicated at 6 after the 1911 Xinhai Revolution, briefly restored in 1917, expelled from the Forbidden City in 1924. Installed by Japan as emperor of
满洲国 (Manchukuo) 1934–45, then imprisoned by the Soviets and later 'reformed' in PRC prisons. Released in 1959 and worked as a Beijing botanical-garden gardener.