German communist sent by the Comintern as military adviser to the Chinese Red Army. Its defeat under his command in 1934 led to the Long March, and the 遵义会议 (Zunyi Conference) of 1935 removed him from command.
Lǐ Dé de zhǐhuī shīwù dǎozhì le dìwǔ cì fǎn wéi jiǎo de shībài.
Li De's command errors led to the failure of the Fifth Anti-Encirclement Campaign.
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He was almost the only foreigner on the Long March. He left China in 1939 for Moscow, not Germany, and was allowed back to East Germany only after Stalin died; his memoir 《中国纪事》 came out in 1973.