学究

Originally a Tang dynasty imperial-exam category 学究一经 ('study-and-investigate one classic') - candidates who specialized in a single Confucian classic. By the Song the term was shortened to 学究 and over time turned mildly derogatory: a scholar who only knows books, not the world.

usage

学究气 ('pedantic air') and 老学究 ('old pedant') are the everyday collocations. Don't use it as a job title - it's a put-down.