/ / na
pronoun HSK 1 #162

Meanings

  1. 1 which
  2. 2 where
  3. 3 how

Examples

Nǐ shì nǎ guó rén?
Which country are you from?
Nǎge shì nǐ de?
Which one is yours?
Wǒ nǎ zhīdào?
How would I know?

Tips

mistakes
Don't confuse (which) with (that) — same right component, different left side and different tone. has the extra mouth radical because it's a spoken question; points to something. Tone is the easiest tell: third tone = question, fourth tone = pointing.
register
Two colloquial readings to know. (1) Before a classifier, is often pronounced něi in casual northern speech — a fused form of + , parallel to → nèi. So 哪个 becomes něige, + becomes něi běn. Writing stays the same. (2) Sentence-finally after a word ending in -n, is a toneless emphatic particle — the n-coloured variant of , as in 天哪 (good heavens) or 谢谢你哪 (thanks a lot). The exclamatory has nothing to do with which / where — it's just assimilated to the preceding -n.

Components

radical
kǒu
mouth
Left indexing mouth radical (Kangxi #30). Marks as a spoken word — a question particle that comes out of the mouth rather than naming a thing. Same radical anchors all the interrogative and exclamatory chars: , , , , .
phonetic
that
Right component supplies the sound: (nà) → nǎ (just a tone shift). Adds a tight semantic flavour too: means 'that, over there,' so + reads as 'speaking the that-question' = 'which?' Same phonetic family with , , .

Stroke Order