Traditional Chinese medicine has a very long history.
Tips
culture
中药 refers specifically to herbal/traditional remedies, as opposed to 西药 (Western medicine). Many Chinese people use both. Famous texts include 本草纲目 (Compendium of Materia Medica) by Li Shizhen.
usage
中药 is a mass noun (no measure word needed for the concept). For individual prescriptions: 一副中药 (one dose/prescription of Chinese medicine).