Cave dwellings are warm in winter and cool in summer, and many people in northern Shaanxi still live in them.
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窑洞 are dug into the loess hillsides of the 黄土高原 (Loess Plateau). From 1937 to 1947 毛泽东 and the Communist leadership lived and worked in cave dwellings at 延安, and those caves are now museums.