The roots of floating-leaf plants anchor in the bottom while the leaves float on the surface.
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Ecology/botany term for one of the four standard classes of aquatic plants, alongside 挺水植物 (emergent), 沉水植物 (submerged) and 漂浮植物 (free-floating, like duckweed). 浮叶 means specifically rooted-but-floating-leaf species.