Lìshǐ shàng, shǔyì shì zàochéng dàliàng sǐwáng de liúxíngbìng zhīyī.
Historically, the bubonic plague was one of the epidemics that caused massive death tolls.
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流行病 refers to an epidemic (widespread in a region). A global pandemic is 大流行病 (dà liúxíngbìng) or 全球性流行病. The academic field of epidemiology is 流行病学 (liúxíngbìngxué).