Gāokǎo shībài gěi tā liúxià le hěn dà de xīnlǐyīnyǐng.
Failing the gaokao left her with a serious emotional scar.
Tips
usage
Almost always used with 留下 (leave behind) or 有; 给某人留下心理阴影 = 'leave someone with a mental shadow.' Not the clinical term for PTSD (that's 创伤后应激障碍), but carries similar everyday meaning on social media.
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Sometimes used hyperbolically online for minor bad experiences: '这家店的服务员态度差到给我留下心理阴影了' (the service was so bad it traumatized me).