From
李清照《
夏日绝句》 (Li Qingzhao, Southern Song, c. 1130), a 20-character quatrain written after the Jurchen conquest of the north:
生当作人杰,
死亦为鬼雄。
至今思项羽,
不肯过江东 (In life, be a hero among men; in death, be a hero among ghosts. To this day I think of Xiang Yu — who refused to cross east of the Jiang). Li Qingzhao used Xiang Yu, who chose suicide over retreat, to shame Southern Song officials who fled south. Remarkable for a female poet of the 'delicate ci' school to write such a martial verse.