Final era name of the puppet Emperor Xian of Han (
汉献帝), whose court was controlled by Cao Cao. The 'Jian'an style' (
建安风骨) — bold, plainspoken poetry on war and impermanence — set the model for later shi poetry. Key poets: the 'Three Caos' (
三曹: Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi) and the 'Seven Scholars of Jian'an' (
建安七子).