围堵

Combines 围 (wéi, 'to surround') with 堵 (dǔ, 'to block/plug') - encircling plus actively cutting off escape. Common in security/police contexts and in geopolitics: 围堵政策 (wéidǔ zhèngcè, 'containment policy') is the standard Chinese term for the U.S. Cold War policy toward the USSR.

memory

If you've ever been stuck in a 堵车 (dǔchē, 'traffic jam'), you know 堵 means 'blocked solid'. 围堵 is what happens when that blockage is set up around something on purpose.