五彩

The 'five colors' of traditional Chinese aesthetics are 白 (white), 黑 (black), 红 (red), 黄 (yellow), 青 (blue/green), corresponding to the Five Elements 五行: metal, water, fire, earth, wood. In modern Chinese 五彩 just means 'brilliantly colorful', not literally five hues.

usage

Most often appears in set phrases: 五彩缤纷 ('a riot of color') and 五彩斑斓 ('gorgeously variegated'). Modifies things like rainbows, flowers, lanterns, and fireworks.