Díkǎ'ěr rènwéi sōngguǒxiàn shì línghún de suǒzàidì.
Descartes believed the pineal gland was the seat of the soul.
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Named for its shape: 松果 (sōngguǒ, 'pine cone') + 腺 (xiàn, 'gland') = 'pine-cone-shaped gland'. The English 'pineal' comes from Latin pinea, also meaning pine cone — same naming logic in both languages.