One of the 13 delegates at the first congress of the Communist Party of China in Shanghai in 1921. After 1949 he headed the Supreme People's Court and helped shape the laws of the new state.
Dong Biwu served as acting head of state in his later years.
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He and 毛泽东 were the only delegates of the 1921 founding congress who were also present at the proclamation of the People's Republic in 1949. In 1945 he was the one Communist in China's delegation to the San Francisco conference and signed the UN Charter.