Three Mandarin names for NASA all circulate:
美国宇航局 (literally 'US Space-Navigation Bureau', most common in mainland press),
美国国家航空航天局 (Měiguó Guójiā Hángkōng Hángtiān Jú, the formal full translation), and the loanword NASA used as-is in casual speech. The character
局 (jú) here means 'bureau / agency'.