孝 (xiào) means 'filial' and
肃 (sù) means 'solemn / strict'. The Northern Song court awarded Bao Zheng (
包拯, 999-1062) this
谥号 (shìhào, posthumous title) to honor both his devotion to his parents and his fearsome integrity as a judge — he famously prosecuted corrupt officials regardless of rank. Today he is better known by the nickname
包青天 (Bāo Qīngtiān, 'Bao the Clear-Sky').