history
Nanjing ("Southern Capital") served as capital to ten dynasties and regimes, including the Ming founding (1368), the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and the Republic of China (1927-1937, 1946-1949). The 南京大屠杀 (Nanjing Massacre) of 1937-38, in which Japanese troops killed an estimated 300,000 civilians and POWs, remains one of the most painful memories in modern Chinese history - commemorated at the Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall.
