苏轼 wrote it in the autumn of 1082, in exile at
黄州 after a political trial over his poems. He and a guest drift below the cliff at night; the guest grieves that life is short, and Su answers that the wind on the river and the moon over the hills belong to everyone and never run out. Three months later he wrote a sequel,
后赤壁赋, so this one is called 'former'.