A distant member of the Han royal house who had grown up farming, he joined the risings against
王莽, won a famous victory over a far larger army at
昆阳 in 23, and took the throne in 25 as
光武帝, Emperor Guangwu. The scholar
刘歆 had taken the same name years before, which is why a prophecy that 'Liu Xiu will be emperor' was once thought to mean him.