From 《
管子·
牧民》 (Guanzi, 'Shepherding the People'), attributed to the Qi statesman Guan Zhong (
管仲, 7th c. BCE). Couplet:
仓廪实而知礼节,
衣食足而知荣辱 — 'When granaries are full, people know etiquette; when clothing and food suffice, they know honour and shame.' A cornerstone text of classical Chinese political economy: material welfare is prerequisite to moral culture.