丧胆

喪膽
sàngdǎn
verb

Meanings

  1. 1 to be panic-stricken
  2. 2 to be scared out of one's wits
  3. 3 to lose one's nerve

Examples

Dírén yì tīngdào tā de míngzi jiù wénfēng-sàngdǎn.
The enemy lost their nerve at the mere mention of his name.
Tūrúqílái de bàozhàshēng ràng rén sàngdǎn.
The sudden explosion left people terrified out of their wits.

Tips

culture
In Chinese tradition the gallbladder () is the seat of courage - to 'lose your gallbladder' is to lose your nerve entirely. The same metaphor drives 胆大 'bold' (lit. 'big gall') and 胆小 'timid' (lit. 'small gall').
usage
Most often appears in the four-character set phrase 闻风丧胆 'lose one's nerve at the mere rumor' - describing reputations so fearsome the enemy panics on hearing the name.

Stroke Order

sāng
dǎn