Born in Jimei (
集美), Fujian; emigrated to Singapore at 17 and built a rubber and pineapple empire. Poured most of his fortune into schools — Jimei Xuecun (
集美学村) and Xiamen University — and bankrolled Chinese resistance funding during the anti-Japanese war. Mao Zedong wrote the famous epithet
华侨旗帜,
民族光辉 for him.