函

hán
noun HSK 7-9 #17,690

Measure Word

一封函 fēng

Meanings

  1. 1 letter; correspondence
  2. 2 envelope; case
  3. 3 function (math)

Examples

HSK 5
Qǐng yǐ hánjiàn xíngshì tíjiāo shēnqǐng.
Please submit the application in written correspondence.
HSK 6
Gōngsī shōudào le yī fēng gōnghán.
The company received an official letter.

Tips

usage
In formal/official contexts: 公函 (official letter), 函件 (correspondence), 来函 (incoming letter), 复函 (reply letter). In math: 函数 (function).

Components

radical
凵 kǎn
open container; receptacle
Bottom open-container radical, the indexing radical here - a u-shape with no top, picturing an upward-facing box or pit. Originally 函 named a wooden case used to hold and send arrows, scrolls, or letters; the 凵 frames the receptacle that carries something inside. Same container family: 凹 (concave), 凸 (convex).
semantic
了 le
arrow-in-quiver shape (here graphic residue)
Inside-top is a fused stylised drawing of an arrow held in a quiver - the hook and crossbars stand in for the arrow's flights and shaft. The modern form resembles 了 plus extra strokes; do not read it as the modern particle. The whole character pictures a sealed letter-case.

Stroke Order

函 hán