You don't necessarily have to strictly count calories to lose weight.
Tips
culture
Calorie counting hit mainstream Chinese fitness culture via apps like 薄荷健康 (Boohee) and Keep around 2015-2020. Cafes and chain restaurants like Wagas and 元气森林-affiliated brands now print 卡路里 numbers on menus.
usage
卡路里 is the full phonetic loan from English 'calorie'. Often shortened to just 卡 in casual speech: 这碗面多少卡? ('how many calories in this bowl of noodles?'). 大卡 = kilocalorie.