First recorded in Tao Zongyi's late-Yuan miscellany 《
辍耕录》, describing
骨咄犀, a horn-like substance considered extremely poisonous yet able to neutralize other poisons: its nature is utterly poisonous, yet it can cure poison; this is what is meant by fighting poison with poison. Originally a TCM principle, now used metaphorically for any 'fight evil with evil' tactic.