Founded by Alexander the Great (
亚历山大大帝) in 331 BCE on the Mediterranean coast, Alexandria became the intellectual capital of the Hellenistic world — home to the Great Library (
亚历山大图书馆) and the Pharos (
亚历山大灯塔), one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Today it's Egypt's second city after Cairo.
城 ('city') is appended in Chinese to disambiguate from the conqueror's name.